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Polynesian37 quotes →
HINA, THE WOMAN IN THE MOON. The Wailuku river has by its banks far up the mountain side some of the most ancient of the various interesting picture rocks of the Hawaiian Islands. The origin of the Hawaiian picture writing is a problem still unsolved, but the picture rocks of the Wailuku river are called "na kii o Maui," "the Maui pictures." Their antiquity is beyond question. The most prominent figure cut in these rocks is that of the crescent moon. The Hawaiian legends do not attempt any direct explanation of the meaning of this picture writing. The traditions of the Polynesians both concerning Hina and Maui look to Hina as the moon goddess of their ancestors, and in some measure the Hawaiian stories confirm the traditions of the other island groups of the Pacific. Fornander, in his history of the Polynesian race, gives the Hawaiian story of Hina's ascent to the moon, but applies it to a Hina the wife of a chief called Aikanaka rather than to the Hina of Hilo, the wife of Akalana, the father of Maui. However, Fornander evidently found some difficulty in determining the status of the one to whom he refers the legend, for he calls her "the mysterious wife of Aikanaka." In some of the Hawaiian legends Hina, the mother of Maui, lived on the southeast coast of the Island Maui at the foot of a hill famous in Hawaiian story as Kauiki. Fornander says that this "mysterious wife" of Aikanaka bore her children Puna and Huna, the latter a noted sea-rover among the Polynesians, at the foot of this hill Kauiki. It can very easily be supposed that a legend of the Hina connected with the demi-god Maui might be given during the course of centuries to the other Hina, the mother of Huna. The application of the legend would make no difference to anyone were it not for the fact that the story of Hina and her ascent to the moon has been handed down in different forms among the traditions of Samoa, New Zealand, Tonga, Hervey Islands, Fate Islands, Nauru and other Pacific island groups. The Polynesian name of the moon, Mahina or Masina, is derived from Hina, the goddess mother of Maui. It is even possible to trace the name back to "Sin," the moon god of the Assyrians. The moon goddess of Ponape was Ina-maram. (Hawaiian Hina-malamalama), "Hina giving light." In the Paumotan Islands an eclipse of the sun is called Higa-higa-hana (Hina-hiua-hana), "The act (hana) of Hina--the moon." In New Zealand moonless nights were called "Dark Hina." In Tahiti it is said there was war among the gods. They cursed the stars. Hina saved them, although they lost a little light. Then they cursed the sea, but Hina preserved the tides. They cursed the rivers, but Hina saved the springs--the moving waters inland, like the tides in the ocean. The Hawaiians say that Hina and her maidens pounded out the softest, finest kapa cloth on the long, thick kapa board at the foot of Kauiki. Incessantly the restless sea dashed its spray over the picturesque groups of splintered lava rocks which form the Kauiki headland. Here above the reach of the surf still lies the long, black stone into which the legends say Hina's kapa board was changed. Here Hina took the leaves of the hala tree and, after the manner of the Hawaiian women of the ages past, braided mats for the household to sleep upon, and from the nuts of the kukui trees fashioned the torches which were burned around the homes of those of high chief rank. At last she became weary of her work among mortals. Her family had become more and more troublesome. It was said that her sons were unruly and her husband lazy and shiftless. She looked into the heavens and determined to flee up the pathway of her rainbow through the clouds. The Sun was very bright and Hina said, "I will go to the Sun." So she left her home very early in the morning and climbed up, higher, higher, until the heat of the rays of the sun beat strongly upon her and weakened her so that she could scarcely crawl along her beautiful path. Up a little higher and the clouds no longer gave her even the least shadow. The heat from the sun was so great that she began to feel the fire shriveling and torturing her. Quickly she slipped down into the storms around her rainbow and then back to earth. As the day passed her strength came back, and when the full moon rose through the shadows of the night she said, "I will climb to the moon and there find rest." But when Hina began to go upward her husband saw her and called to her: "Do not go into the heavens." She answered him: "My mind is fixed; I will go to my new husband, the moon." And she climbed up higher and higher. Her husband ran toward her. She was almost out of reach, but he leaped and caught her foot. This did not deter Hina from her purpose. She shook off her husband, but as he fell he broke her leg so that the lower part came off in his hands. Hina went up through the stars, crying out the strongest incantations she could use. The powers of the night aided her. The mysterious hands of darkness lifted her, until she stood at the door of the moon. She had packed her calabash with her most priceless possessions and had carried it with her even when injured by her cruel husband. With her calabash she limped into the moon and found her abiding home. When the moon is full, the Hawaiians of the long ago, aye and even today, look into the quiet, silvery light and see the goddess in her celestial home, her calabash by her side. The natives call her now Lono-moku, "the crippled Lono." From this watch tower in the heavens she pointed out to Kahai, one of her descendents, the way to rise up into the skies. The ancient chant thus describes his ascent: "The rainbow is the path of Kahai. Kahai rose. Kahai bestirred himself. Kahai passed on the floating cloud of Kane. Perplexed were the eyes of Alihi. Kahai passed on on the glancing light. The glancing light on men and canoes. Above was Hanaiakamalama." (Hina). Thus under the care of his ancestress Hina, Kahai, the great sea-rover, made his ascent in quest of adventures among the immortals. In the Tongan Islands the legends say that Hina remains in the moon watching over the "fire-walkers" as their great protecting goddess. The Hervey Island traditions say that the Moon (Marama) had often seen Hina and admired her, and at last had come down and caught her up to live with himself. The moonlight in its glory is called Ina-motea, "the brightness of Ina." The story as told on Atiu Island (one of the Society group) is that Hina took her human husband with her to the moon, where they dwelt happily for a time, but as he grew old she prepared a rainbow, down which he descended to the earth to die, leaving Hina forevermore as "the woman in the moon." The Savage Islanders worshiped the spirits of their ancestors, saying that many of them went up to the land of Sina, the always bright land in the skies. To the natives of Niue Island, Hina has been the goddess ruling over all tapa making. They say that her home is "Motu a Hina," "the island of Hina," the home of the dead in the skies. The Samoans said that the Moon received Hina and a child, and also her tapa board and mallet and material for the manufacture of tapa cloth. Therefore, when the moon is shining in full splendor, they shade their eyes and look for the goddess and the tools with which she fashions the tapa clouds in the heavens. The New Zealand legend says that the woman went after water in the night. As she passed down the path to the spring the bright light of the full moon made the way easy for her quick footsteps, but when she had filled her calabash and started homeward, suddenly the bright light was hidden by a passing cloud and she stumbled against a stone in the path and fell to the ground, spilling the water she was carrying. Then she became very angry and cursed the moon heartily. Then the moon became angry and swiftly swept down upon her from the skies, grasping her and lifting her up. In her terrible fight she caught a small tree with one hand and her calabash with the other. But oh! the strong moon pulled her up with the tree and the calabash and there in the full moon they can all be traced when the nights are clear. Pleasant or Nauru Island, in which a missionary from Central Union Church, Honolulu, is laboring, tells the story of Gigu, a beautiful young woman, who has many of the experiences of Hina. She opened the eyes of the Mother of the Moon as Hina, in some of the Polynesian legends, is represented to have opened the eyes of one of the great goddesses, and in reward is married to Maraman, the Moon, with whom she lives ever after, and in whose embrace she can always be seen when the moon is full. Gigu is Hina under another and more guttural form of speech. Maraman is the same as Malama, one of the Polynesian names for the moon. INDEX Page. Akea or Atea, see Wakea, 41 Akalana, or Ataranga, 3, 4, 166 Alae birds, 12, 18, 27, 62, 65, 120, 123 Alae-Huapi, 120 Alae-nui-a-Hina, 123 Ao-tea-roa, 23, 93, 106, 108, 128, 137 Aumakuas, 26 Ava-iki, or Hawa-i-ki, 5, 37, 41, 52, 72, 137 Awa, 8 Axe, stone, 93, 94 Bailing dish, 123 Bananas, 45, 64 Banyan, 56, 71 Barbs, spears, 79, 101 Birds, 85, 110, 112, 135, 144 Bird-machine, 125 Birds, painted, 85, 112 Black rock, 32, 48 Boiling pots, 100, 152 Bones, fish hooks, 15, 83 Brittany, 57 Bua-Tarana-ga, 5 Cain and Abel, 89 Calabash, 19, 31, 84, 115 Cannibalism, 91, 93 Canoe, Maui's, 28, 118, 150 Cats-cradle, 86 Cloud, Maui's-ao-opua, 150 Coco-nut Island, 19, 26 Cook, Captain, 7 Cooking the rain, 163 Coral, 29 Creation, 4, 80, 86 Crocodile, 148 Death, 25, 38, 67, 82, 137, 170 Death chant, 138 Dog, 80, 102 Dragon, 97, 148, 153 Earth twisted, 12, 15 Eclipse, 42, 158 Eel, 7, 33, 83, 94, 130 Eel baskets, 79, 102 Eight-eyed, 83, 124 Ellis, William, 84 Egypt, 44 Evolution, 85, 103, 109, 132 Fairies, 113 Fire-finding-- Australia, 59 Bowditch Islands, 76 Chatham Islands, 75 De Peysters Islands, 59 Hawaii, 61, 120 Hervey Islands, 67, 70 Indians, 57 New Zealand, 67, 74, 88 Peruvians, 59 Samoa, 67, 70 Savage Islands, 67, 72 Society Islands, 66, 72 Tartary, 59 Tokelau Island, 67 First man, 89 Fishing up islands-- Hawaii, 14, 18, 26 Hervey Islands, 26 New Hebrides, 25 New Zealand, 19, 88 Samoa, 24 Tonga, 24, 28 Fish hooks, 12, 15, 20, 26, 81, 118 Fish nets, 81 Flood, 25 Flying machine, 125 Forbes, Rev. A. O., 42 Fornander, A., 83 Ganges, 154 Gilbert Islands, 34, 60 Gill, W. W., 36 Gray, Sir George, 7, 20, 23, 49, 101, 110 Green stone, 110, 134 Guardian of under-world, 4, 5, 17, 70 Hades, 129 Halai hills, 64, 155 Hale-a-ka-la, 7, 13, 32, 43, 62, 143 Hale-a-o-a, 76 Hau tree, 102 Hau spirit, Preface Haumia-Tiki-Tiki, 34 Hawa-iki, 5, 35, 37, 137, 154 Hawaii-loa, 29 Hawke's bay, 28 Hele-a-ka-la, 122 Hercules, 53, 112 Hervey Islands, 4, 5, 10 Hide-and-seek, 10 Hilo, 7, 19, 26, 64, 129, 147, 155 Hina, 5, 7, 10, 12, 18, 45, 61, 64, 121, 139 Hina-a-ke-ahi, 3, 27, 157 Hina-a-ke-ka, 123 Hina-a-te-lepo, 91 Hina-Kulu-ua, 157, 161 Hina-uri, 101 Hine-nui-te-po, 23, 123, 133 Hina's daughters, 156 Horizon or heaven, 107 Human sacrifices, 159 Hump-back, 125 Huna, 166 Iao, 43 Ie-ie, fiber, 125 Iiwi, 113 Ika-o-Maui, 23 Ili-ahi, 66 Immortality, Maui, 128 Imu, oven, 159 Ina, see Hina, 5, 66, 142 India, 154 Indians, fire-finding, 57 Indians, snaring sun, 54 Ira Waru, 101 Kaahumanu, 143 Ka-alae-huapi, 120 Kahai chant, 169 Ka-iwi-o-Pele, 18 Kalakaua, 8 Kalana-Kalanga, see Akalana, 3, 4, 60 Kalau-hele-moa, 45 Kamapuaa, 83 Kanaloa, 5, 24, 29, 120 Kane, 35, 119, 135 Kane's cave, 119 Kauai, 26 Kauiki, or Kauwiki, 7, 12, 26, 143, 168 Kaula Island, 26 Kipahula, 18 Ki-i-ki-i, 6, 32, 143 Kite-flying, 87, 112, 128 Ko, spade, 94 Kohala, 28 Koolau, 44 Ku, 5 Kualii, 12 Kuna, see Tuna, 7, 99 Ku-olo--Kele, 125 Ku-ula, fish god, 140 La, or Ra, 5, 44 Langi, Lani, 34 Lahaina, 32 Lasso, 47, 51, 80, 144 Lifting the sky-- Ellice Islands, 33 Gilbert Islands, 34 Hawaii, 31 Hervey Islands, 36 Manahiki, 35 New Zealand, 34 Samoa, 32 Liliuokalani chants, 3, 8, 17, 27, 40 Long Eel, 92 Lono, 34 Ma-eli-eli hill, 120 Magic fish hook, 82 Mahui, Mahuika, Mafuia, 5, 60, 68, 73, 132 Mahina, or Masina, 166 Mamo bird, 114 Manahiki Islands, 24, 80 Maori, 28, 34 Marama, or Malama, 166, 171 Marshall Islands, 60 Maru, 89 Mauna Kea, 13 Maui Akalana-- Akamai, 78, 82 baptized, 10, 133 birth, 6 bird or insect, 9, 10, 20, 24, 71, 114, 144 brothers, 3, 6, 14, 22, 24, 78, 107 canoes, 28 children, 82, 93, 137 creation, 4, 80 death, 25, 26 Hawaii, 130 Hervey Islands, 131 New Zealand, 137 Samoa, 131 eight-eyed, 83 footprints, 25, 33 god or demi-god, 4, 148 home, 4, 7, 10, 31, 119 hook, 12, 15, 19, 26, 28 of the malo, Preface prophet, 84 sister, 6 the swift, 64, 117, 121 uncles, 8 Maui-Mua, or Rupe, 106, 125 Maui Hope, 124 Maui Waena, 3, 124 Mercury, 11 Moemoe, 48 Mo-o, 41, 97, 99 Moon, 41, 89, 134 Moon, Hina the goddess, 147, 156, 165 Motu, or Mokua Hina, 170 Mudhen, 120 Muri, 48, 50 Nauru Islands, 171 New Heavens, 107 New Hebrides Islands, 25 New Zealand, 4, 5, 7, 9 Niu Islands, 33 Oahu legends-- Maui and the two gods, 119 How they found fire, 120 Maui catching the sun, 122 Uniting the islands, 123 Maui and Pea-pea, 124 Obsidian, 109, 134 Ohia trees, 80 Olona, 81, 114, 117 O-o, spade, 94 O-o, bird, 114 Paoa, 29 Papa, 34 Payton, 25 Pea-pea, the eight-eyed, 124 Pearl Harbor, 123 Peruvians, 59 Pictographs, 165 Pigeon, 9 Pimoe, 18 Pohakunui, 64 Prometheus, 57 Puka-a-Maui, 151 Pumice stone, 38 Puna, 166 Puu-o-hulu, 119, 123 Ra or La, sun-god, 5, 44 Rainbow Falls, 8, 26, 99, 147 Raro Tonga, 6, 24 Roko, 97 Rongo, 34 Ru, 5, 35 Rupe, Maui-mua, 106, 125 Samoa, 5, 24, 29 Sandalwood, 66 Savage Islands, 74 Savaii, 29, 129 Scorpion, 26 Serpent, 33 Sharks, 18, 123 Short days, 143 Sina, see Hina, 96, 143, 166, 171 Snaring the sun-- Fiji, 54 Hawaii, 42, 122, 144 Hervey Islands, 52 Indians, 54 New Zealand, 48 Samoa, 143 Society Islands, 41, 50, 53, 143 Tonga, 40 Snow, 89 Society Islands, 5 Spears, 81 Spirits, islands of, 129 Stone implements, 86, 93, 110 Sun, created, 41 Supporter of the Heavens, 37 Tabu, 102, 126 Tahiti, 76, 86 Talanga or Kalana, 5, 68 Tane, see Kane, 35 Tangaroa or Kanaloa, 6, 24, 25, 34, 66 Tapa, 11, 13, 42, 62, 116, 119, 122, 141 Taro, 121 Tattooing, 80, 104, 136 Tawhiri, 35 Te-ika-o-Maui, 23 Ti leaves, 125 Ti-i-Ti-i} } Kii-Kii, 6, 25, 32, 34, 60, 68 Tiki-Tiki} Tini-rau, 106, 108 Tokelau Island, 67 Tonga, 28, 40, 89, 129 Tonga-iti, 41 Tracey Islands, 33 Tu or Ku, 35 Tuna or Kuna, 91 Fiji, 91 Hawaii, 99, 148 Hervey Islands, 154 New Zealand, 92 Samoa, 96 Turner, 24 Ulua, 12, 18 Under-world, 4, 9, 15, 51, 68, 129 Uniting the islands, 123 Upolu, 25 Vatea, or Wakea, 41 Vatupu Islands, 33 Waianae, 65, 119 Waikuna, 100, 148 Wailuku, 7, 26, 80, 140, 146 Waipahu, 125 Waipio, 115 Wakea, Vatea, Atea, 4, 41 Water of life, 134 White, John, 87, 96, 101, 132 Wife of Maui, 91, 124, 137, 156 Wiliwili tree, 44 Winds, 86, 115 Woman in the Moon, 165
PolynesianAdversitiesAttainment
Polynesian Mythology
Aboriginal Australian31 quotes →
Two Weeoombeen brothers went out hunting. One brother was much younger than the other and smaller, so when they sighted an emu, the elder one said to the younger: "You stay quietly here and do not make a noise, or Piggiebillah, whose camp we passed just now, will hear you and steal the emu if I kill it. He is so strong. I'll go on and try to kill the emu with this stone." The little Weeoombeen watched his big brother sneak up to the emu, crawling along, almost flat, on the ground. He saw him get quite close to the emu, then spring up quickly and throw the stone with such an accurate aim as to kill the bird on the spot. The little brother was so rejoiced that he forgot his brother's caution, and he called aloud in his joy. The big Weeoombeen looked round and gave him a warning sign, but too late, Piggiebillah had heard the cry and was hastening towards them. Quickly big Weeoombeen left the emu and joined his little brother. Piggiebillah, when he came up, said: "What have you found?" "Nothing," said the big Weeoombeen, "nothing but some mistletoe berries." "It must have been something more than that, or your little brother would not have called out so loudly." Little Weeoombeen was so afraid that Piggiebillah would find their emu and take it, that he said: "I hit a little bird with a stone, and I was glad I could throw so straight." "It was no cry for the killing of a little bird or for the finding of mistletoe berries that I heard. It was for something much more than either, or you would not have called out so joyfully. If you do not tell me at once I will kill you both." The Weeoombeen brothers were frightened, for Piggiebillah was a great fighter and very strong, so when they saw he was really angry, they showed him the dead emu. "Just what I want for my supper," he said, and so saying, dragged it away to his own camp. The Weeoombeens followed him and even helped him to make a fire to cook the emu, hoping by so doing to get a share given to them. But Piggiebillah would not give them any; he said he must have it all for himself. Angry and disappointed, the Weeoombeens marched straight off and told some black fellows who lived near, that Piggiebillah had a fine fat emu just cooked for supper. Up jumped the black fellows, seized their spears, bade the Weeoombeens quickly lead them to Piggiebillah's camp, promising them for so doing a share of the emu. When they were within range of spear shot, the black fellows formed a circle, took aim, and threw their spears at Piggiebillah. As the spears fell thick on him, sticking out all over him, Piggiebillah cried aloud: "Bingehlah, Bingeblah. You can have it, you can have it." But the black fellows did not desist until Piggiebillah was too wounded even to cry out; then they left him a mass of spears and turned to look for the emu. But to their surprise they found it not. Then for the first time they missed the Weeoombeens. Looking round they saw their tracks going to where the emu had evidently been; then they saw that they had dragged the emu to their nyunnoo, which was a humpy made of grass. When the Weeoombeens saw the black fellows coming, they caught hold of the emu and dragged it to a big hole they knew of, with a big stone at its entrance, which stone only they knew the secret of moving. They moved the stone, got the emu and themselves into the hole, and the stone in place again before the black fellows reached the place. The black fellows tried to move the stone, but could not. Yet they knew that the Weeoombeens must have done so, for they had tracked them right up to it, and they could hear the sound of their voices on the other side of it. They saw there was a crevice on either side of the stone, between it and the ground. Through these crevices they, drove in their spears, thinking they must surely kill the brothers. But the Weeoombeens too had seen these crevices and had anticipated the spears, so they had placed the dead emu before them to act as a shield. And into its body were driven the spears of the black fellows extended for the Weeoombeens. Having driven the spears well in, the black fellows went off to get help to move the stone, but when they had gone a little way they heard the Weeoombeens laughing. Back they came and speared again, and again started for help, only as they left to hear once more the laughter of the brothers. The Weeoombeens finding their laughter only brought back the black fellows to a fresh attack, determined to keep quiet, which, after the next spearing, they did. Quite sure, when they heard their spear shots followed by neither conversation nor laughter, that they had killed the Weeoombeens at last, the black fellows hurried away to bring back the strength and cunning of the camp, to remove the stone. The Weeoombeens hurriedly discussed what plan they had better adopt to elude the black fellows, for well they knew that should they ever meet any of them again they would be killed without mercy. And as they talked they satisfied their hunger by eating some of the emu flesh. After a while the black fellows returned, and soon was the stone removed from the entrance. Some of them crept into the hole, where, to their surprise, they found only the remains of the emu and no trace of the Weeoombeens. As those who had gone in first crept out and told of the disappearance of the Weeoombeens, others, incredulous of such a story, crept in to find it confirmed. They searched round for tracks; seeing that their spears were all in the emu it seemed to them probable the Weeoombeens had escaped alive, but if so, whither they had gone their tracks would show. But search as they would no tracks could they find. All they could see were two little birds which sat on a bush near the hole, watching the black fellows all the time. The little birds flew round the hole sometimes, but never away, always returning to their bush and seeming to be discussing the whole affair; but what they said the black fellows could not understand. But as time went on and no sign was ever found of the Weeoombeens, the black fellows became sure that the brothers had turned into the little white-throated birds which had sat on the bush by the hole, so, they supposed, to escape their vengeance. And ever afterwards the little white-throats were called Weeoombeens. And the memory of Piggiebillah is perpetuated by a sort of porcupine ant-eater, which bears his name, and whose skin is covered closely with miniature spears sticking all over it.
Aboriginal AustralianAttainmentChange of Heart
Australian Legendary Tales 6

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61689

God

spiritual

The concept of God refers to a higher power or ultimate reality across various spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea of a unified, all-encompassing force. However, they diverge in their understanding and characterization of this force.

24794

Oneness

spiritual

Oneness refers to the universal concept of interconnectedness across world spiritual traditions. Traditions converge in acknowledging a unified reality, but diverge in their understanding of its nature. They offer unique perspectives on achieving and experiencing oneness.

15855

Vision

spiritual

Across spiritual traditions, vision refers to inner insight or intuition. Many traditions converge on the importance of vision for guidance and wisdom. However, they diverge in their understanding of its nature and source.

15359

Naam (Divine Name)

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Across traditions, Naam refers to the divine name or sound. Many converge on its spiritual significance, acknowledging its power. Traditions diverge in interpretation and practice, offering unique perspectives.

12725

Guru

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The concept of a guru represents a spiritual guide or mentor across various world traditions. These traditions converge in acknowledging the importance of a guru in facilitating spiritual growth and self-discovery. They diverge in their specific roles, responsibilities, and relationships with disciples, reflecting unique cultural and philosophical perspectives.

11994

Heart

spiritual

Across world spiritual traditions, the concept of the heart often represents a symbol of emotional and spiritual core. Traditions converge in acknowledging the heart's significance, but diverge in their interpretations. They offer unique perspectives on its role and meaning.

11994

Soul

spiritual

The concept of soul refers to the essential, non-physical aspect of a being across various spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that the soul is a vital, immutable part of an individual. However, they diverge in their understanding of the soul's nature, purpose, and relationship to the material world.

11275

Attainment

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The topic of attainment refers to the achievement of spiritual goals across various traditions. Many traditions converge in their emphasis on self-realization and enlightenment. However, they diverge in their methods and interpretations of attainment.

9254

Blessings

spiritual

Across world spiritual traditions, blessings refer to divine favors or gifts. Various traditions converge on the idea that blessings bring positivity and goodness. They diverge in their understanding of how blessings are received and their purposes.

8739

Divine Name

spiritual

The Divine Name refers to a sacred concept across world spiritual traditions, often symbolizing the ultimate reality or divine essence. Many traditions converge on the idea that the Divine Name holds profound spiritual significance and power. However, traditions diverge in their interpretations and uses of the Divine Name, offering unique perspectives and understandings.

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19893

Nature

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Across world spiritual traditions, nature refers to the physical world and its interconnected systems. Many traditions converge on the idea that nature holds spiritual significance and deserves respect. They diverge, however, in their specific perspectives on nature's role and meaning.

19536

Universe

concept

The universe is a complex concept representing the totality of existence. Spiritual traditions converge on its interconnectedness and sacredness. They diverge in their interpretations of its nature and purpose.

18973

Society

concept

Across world spiritual traditions, society refers to the collective human experience and its structures. Many traditions converge on the importance of community and social responsibility. They diverge in their views on the role of individual freedom versus collective harmony.

18119

Thinking

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17592

Knowledge

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Across world spiritual traditions, knowledge refers to understanding and insight. Traditions converge on the importance of knowledge for spiritual growth. They diverge in the sources and methods of acquiring knowledge.

17079

Time

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Across spiritual traditions, time is understood as a complex and multifaceted concept. Various traditions converge on the idea that time is relative and influenced by human perception. They diverge in their interpretations of time's nature and significance, offering unique perspectives.

16599

Mind

concept

Across spiritual traditions, the concept of mind refers to the realm of thought, perception, and consciousness. Traditions converge on the idea that the mind plays a crucial role in shaping our experiences and understanding of reality. However, they diverge in their perspectives on the nature, functions, and potential of the mind.

14721

World

concept

The topic "World" encompasses various notions across spiritual traditions, often referring to the physical realm and human experience. Many traditions converge on the idea that the world is interconnected and sacred. They diverge, however, in their perspectives on the world's nature, purpose, and human role within it.

···13069

Language

concept

Language refers to the symbols and sounds used to convey meaning. Across traditions, there is convergence on its power to shape reality. Divergence occurs in the emphasis and interpretation of language's role in spirituality.

11664

Reality

concept

Across world spiritual traditions, reality refers to the fundamental nature of existence. Traditions converge on the idea that reality is multifaceted and complex. However, they diverge in their perspectives on its ultimate meaning and composition.

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Truth

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Across world spiritual traditions, truth refers to a profound and often transcendent reality. Various traditions converge on the importance of seeking and understanding truth. However, they diverge in their perspectives on what constitutes truth and how it can be attained.

14627

Greatness

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Across spiritual traditions, greatness generally refers to a state of exceptional human achievement or spiritual attainment. Various traditions converge on the idea that greatness involves cultivating inner qualities such as wisdom and compassion. They diverge in their perspectives on the path to achieving greatness, with some emphasizing individual effort and others stressing the role of divine guidance or community.

10387

Love

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Across world spiritual traditions, love is a profound and multifaceted concept. Many traditions converge on the idea that love is a fundamental force for connection and unity. However, they diverge in their understandings of its nature and expression.

9774

Understanding

value

Understanding refers to the pursuit of knowledge and insight across spiritual traditions. Various traditions converge on the importance of self-awareness and introspection. They diverge in their approaches and interpretations, offering unique perspectives.

·8633

Strength

value

Inner and spiritual strength drawn from the divine; distinct from courage (facing fear) or endurance (persisting).

7353

Harmony

value

Harmony refers to a state of balance and unity across world spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the importance of harmony within oneself and with nature. They diverge in their approaches to achieving harmony, offering unique perspectives on its meaning and application.

·6110

Mercy

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5991

Sincerity

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Sincerity refers to authenticity and genuineness in one's intentions and actions across various spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the importance of sincerity in spiritual growth and development. They diverge in their perspectives on how to cultivate sincerity, offering unique practices and guidelines.

4846

Unity

value

The concept of Unity refers to the interconnectedness and oneness of all things across world spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that Unity is a fundamental aspect of the universe, promoting harmony and balance. However, they diverge in their interpretations and approaches to achieving Unity, offering unique perspectives and practices.

4496

Humility

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Across world spiritual traditions, humility refers to a state of modesty and lowliness. Many traditions converge on the importance of humility as a path to spiritual growth and self-awareness. However, they diverge in their approaches and interpretations, offering unique perspectives on its practice and significance.

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conduct

21969

Speech

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Across spiritual traditions, speech refers to the powerful act of expression. Many traditions converge on the idea that mindful speech is essential for personal and communal harmony. However, they diverge in their specific teachings and emphasis on the role of speech in spiritual growth.

11252

Action

conduct

Action refers to the concept of taking deliberate steps towards a goal or intention. Spiritual traditions converge on the importance of mindful and purposeful action, emphasizing its role in personal growth and transformation. However, they diverge in their approaches and philosophies, offering unique perspectives on the nature and significance of action.

7509

Praise

conduct

Praise refers to expressions of gratitude and admiration across world spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that praise uplifts the spirit and connects individuals to a higher power. However, traditions diverge in their specific practices and interpretations of praise.

6696

Offering

conduct

5987

Service

conduct

Across spiritual traditions, service generally refers to selfless acts that benefit others. Many traditions converge on the importance of service as a means to cultivate compassion and connection. However, they diverge in their specific motivations and methods for service.

5096

Helpfulness

conduct

4591

Effort

conduct

Effort refers to the exertion of will or energy towards a goal in spiritual growth. Many traditions converge on the importance of balance and mindfulness in effort. They diverge in the degree and nature of effort required for spiritual progress.

4116

Example

conduct

The topic of example encompasses models or illustrations of spiritual principles. Traditions converge in recognizing examples as essential for understanding and applying these principles. However, they diverge in the types of examples and contexts considered most relevant.

4112

Obedience

conduct

Obedience refers to submission to a higher authority or divine will across world spiritual traditions. Various traditions converge on the importance of obedience as a means to attain spiritual growth and unity. They diverge in their interpretations and expectations of obedience, offering unique perspectives on its role and significance.

3607

Discipline

conduct

Discipline refers to the practice of cultivating self-control and mindfulness across various spiritual traditions. These traditions converge in emphasizing the importance of discipline for spiritual growth and self-awareness. They diverge in their specific methods and philosophies, offering unique perspectives on the role of discipline in achieving spiritual goals.

+20 more in conduct

emotion

9860

Emotions

emotion

Emotions are recognized as a fundamental aspect of the human experience across spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that emotions can both hinder and help spiritual growth. However, traditions diverge in their understanding and approaches to emotions, offering unique perspectives on their role and management.

7040

Desire

emotion

Across world spiritual traditions, desire refers to a fundamental drive or longing that shapes human experience. Many traditions converge on the idea that desire can be a source of suffering, yet also a catalyst for growth. They diverge, however, in their perspectives on the nature and role of desire in the pursuit of spiritual wisdom.

·5817

Suffering

emotion

Across world spiritual traditions, suffering refers to experiences of hardship, pain, and distress. Many traditions converge on the idea that suffering can be a catalyst for spiritual growth and self-reflection. However, they diverge in their explanations of its causes and the paths to alleviating it.

5116

Fear

emotion

Across spiritual traditions, fear is understood as a fundamental human emotion. Many traditions converge on the idea that fear hinders spiritual growth. They diverge in their approaches to overcoming fear, offering unique perspectives.

4820

Peace

emotion

Across spiritual traditions, peace refers to a state of inner harmony and balance. Many traditions converge on the idea that peace is a fundamental human aspiration. They diverge in their paths and definitions of achieving peace.

4591

Happiness

emotion

Across world spiritual traditions, happiness is a multifaceted concept encompassing emotional, mental, and spiritual well-being. Many traditions converge on the idea that happiness arises from living a virtuous and meaningful life. However, they diverge in their specific approaches and emphases, offering unique perspectives on the nature and attainment of happiness.

···4452

Longing

emotion

Longing refers to a profound emotional and spiritual yearning across world traditions. Traditions converge in recognizing longing as a fundamental human experience. They diverge in interpreting its purpose and resolution.

·3770

Pain

emotion

Pain is a universal human experience addressed across spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that pain can be a catalyst for growth and transformation. They diverge, however, in their perspectives on the nature and purpose of pain.

·3682

Grief

emotion

Grief is a universal human experience addressed across world spiritual traditions. Many traditions converge on the idea that grief is a natural process. They diverge in their perspectives on its purpose and resolution.

3675

Loneliness

emotion

+17 more in emotion

moral

10402

Sin

moral

Across world spiritual traditions, sin refers to acts or states that separate individuals from the divine or higher power. Many traditions converge on the idea that sin leads to suffering and disconnection. However, they diverge on the nature and consequences of sin, offering unique perspectives.

7117

Purity

moral

Purity refers to a state of being untainted by imperfections. Traditions converge on its importance for spiritual growth, but diverge on its meaning. They offer unique perspectives on achieving purity.

6206

Righteousness

moral

Across world spiritual traditions, righteousness generally refers to moral uprightness and a commitment to doing what is right. Many traditions converge on the importance of cultivating virtues like compassion and justice. However, they diverge on the specifics, offering unique perspectives on what it means to live a righteous life.

4841

Evil

moral

Across world spiritual traditions, evil often refers to a force or entity opposing goodness. Many traditions converge on the idea that evil is a destructive or malevolent presence. However, they diverge in their interpretations and understanding of its nature and role.

4587

Lust

moral

Lust refers to intense desire, often associated with physical or sensual attraction. Many spiritual traditions converge on the idea that lust can be a hindrance to spiritual growth. However, they diverge in their perspectives on how to manage or transcend lust, offering unique approaches to balancing human desire with spiritual aspirations.

3559

Virtue

moral

Virtue refers to moral excellence across spiritual traditions. Traditions converge on the importance of cultivating virtues for personal growth. They diverge in specific virtues and practices.

3217

Forgiveness

moral

Across world spiritual traditions, forgiveness refers to the act of letting go of negative emotions and energies. Many traditions converge on the idea that forgiveness is essential for personal healing and spiritual growth. However, they diverge in their approaches and interpretations, offering unique perspectives on the practice and significance of forgiveness.

3009

Untruth

moral

2576

Self-Pride

moral

2034

Morality

moral

Morality refers to principles guiding right behavior across spiritual traditions. Traditions converge on the importance of compassion and empathy. They diverge in specific moral codes and philosophical foundations.

+13 more in moral

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